PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LAUNIVERSIDAD
ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS
CONVOCATORIA ORDINARIA, CURSO 2020-2021
LENGUA EXTRANJERAINGLÉS(ACCESO)
Instrucciones:
a) Duración: 1 hora y 30 minutos.
b) Este examen consta de varios bloques. Debe responder a las preguntas que se indican en cada uno.
c) La puntuación está indicada en cada uno de los apartados.
d) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C)
En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las cuales se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.
BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora)
Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos
Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.
I * COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.
TEXT 1: SHOULD DOGS BE ALLOWED IN CAFÉS?
- Almost half of all UK adults own a pet, and 24% have a dog, with the pet dog population now estimated to be around 9.4 million.
- Mostly, those pet dogs are not welcome inside shops, restaurants and other places with their owners. Naturally, there are exceptions for
- assistance dogs, but the rest find themselves left at home or outside, on the pavement, while the owner pops into a café for a cup of tea.
- People think dogs are not allowed into shops and cafés for hygiene reasons, but there is nothing in law to prevent a dog from being
- in a café —only from food-preparation areas. If adequate steps are taken to keep food safe, it is up to a café owner whether or not to
- admit pets.
- The “Be Dog Friendly” campaign was designed to encourage businesses and public places around the UK to allow dogs. Not all
- dogs would be desirable, however. Badly behaved ones could ruin a pleasant outing —a café in Singapore got into trouble when two
- canines fought each other in front of customers. For this reason, the campaign promotes “petiquette” guidelines to make sure your dog
- will be welcome wherever it goes. Ensuring the dog is clean, well-behaved and under the owner’s control at all times serves everyone’s
- welfare.
- For some people, though, the presence of a dog is extremely unwelcome, perhaps because of pet allergies or fear of dogs.
- Dog-friendly cafés may be increasing in “pup-ularity”, but they should be well signposted so that anyone who prefers to dine dog-
- free can continue to do so with ease.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
1. “Be Dog Friendly” is a campaign designed to…
Solución
(c) permit dogs in more places.
La campaña anima a negocios y lugares públicos a admitir perros (línea 7): “designed to encourage businesses and public places around the UK to allow dogs.”
Se dirige a los negocios, no a los dueños (a); da pautas de comportamiento, pero no adiestra perros (b); y busca lo contrario de impedir su entrada (d).
2. Some people do not like being near dogs because…
Solución
(b) they are afraid of dogs.
A algunas personas les molestan los perros por alergia o por miedo (línea 12): “perhaps because of pet allergies or fear of dogs.”
El texto no menciona ninguno de los otros motivos (a, c y d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
3. Service dogs are allowed to enter public buildings.
Solución
TRUE. Naturally, there are exceptions for assistance dogs (, but the rest find themselves left at home…) (líneas 2-3).
Los perros de asistencia sí pueden entrar.
4. The law forbids dogs to be in areas where food is cooked.
Solución
TRUE. (People think dogs are not allowed into shops and cafés for hygiene reasons, but) there is nothing in law to prevent a dog from being in a café —only from food-preparation areas. (líneas 4-5).
La ley solo les prohíbe entrar en las zonas donde se prepara la comida.
5. According to the campaigners, dogs needn’t be supervised.
Solución
FALSE. Ensuring the dog is (clean, well-behaved and) under the owner’s control at all times serves everyone’s welfare. (líneas 10-11).
El perro debe estar siempre bajo el control de su dueño.
6. Cafés ought to notify their customers that they are pet-friendly publicly.
Solución
TRUE. they should be well signposted so that anyone who prefers to dine dog-free can continue to do so with ease. (líneas 13-14).
Deben estar bien señalizados.
7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “difficulty” (noun).
Solución
ease (línea 14): “continue to do so with ease”.
7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “proprietor” (noun).
Solución
owner (líneas 2, 3, 5 y 10): “it is up to a café owner”. También vale el plural, owners.
8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “to spoil or destroy something completely”.
Solución
ruin (línea 8): “could ruin a pleasant outing”.
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “indications of some steps to follow”.
Solución
guidelines (línea 9): ““petiquette” guidelines”. En singular, también vale guideline.
TEXT 2: THE AGED WOMAN
- Long ago, a poor farmer lived with his aged mother in the land of a tyrannical leader who disliked weak and sick people. One day,
- the ruler decided that old people had to die. Though the farmer loved his mother deeply, he couldn’t disobey an order from the governor
- and so, with a heavy heart, he led his mother to the desolate mountain summit known as Obatsuyama (meaning “abandoning of the
- aged”).
- Along the journey, the farmer had trouble navigating the difficult paths of the mountain and his mother grew anxious at the thought
- of her son getting lost and dying on his return. Going unnoticed by her son, she decided to make a way for him to follow by breaking
- twigs off the trees and throwing them along the path. At last, she revealed what she had done and the farmer, moved by her actions,
- proclaimed that he would not leave her there and both would go back to die together.
- The farmer hid his mother at home and for a time it seemed that all was peaceful. However, again the governor ordered something
- unreasonable: the people had to make a rope of ashes. When the woman heard the news, and with the wisdom cultivated throughout
- her years, she asked her son to make a rope of straw and burn it on a large flat stone.
- The governor heard what the farmer had done and wanted to know where he had acquired such wisdom. It was then that the poor
- man revealed the whole story. The governor listened and finally recognized that the land needed more than the strength and vitality of
- young people and abolished his cruel laws.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
9. The governor of the land…
Solución
(d) was at first cruel to old people.
Al principio ordenó que los ancianos murieran, aunque al final abolió sus leyes crueles (línea 2): “the ruler decided that old people had to die.”
Despreciaba a los débiles y a los enfermos (a); no presenció el viaje a la montaña (b); y no condenó al granjero (c).
10. The story suggests that…
Solución
(b) old people are also needed in society.
El gobernador reconoce que el país necesita algo más que la fuerza de los jóvenes (líneas 13-14): “the land needed more than the strength and vitality of young people”.
La historia demuestra lo contrario (a); el texto no habla de odio (c); y la sabiduría era de la madre, no del granjero (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
11. The farmer knew the way to the summit of Obatsuyama well.
Solución
FALSE. Along the journey, the farmer had trouble navigating the difficult paths of the mountain (and his mother grew anxious…) (línea 5).
Le costaba orientarse por los caminos de la montaña.
12. The farmer saw his mother break twigs from the trees.
Solución
FALSE. Going unnoticed by her son, (she decided to make a way for him to follow by breaking twigs off the trees and throwing them along the path.) (línea 6).
Lo hizo sin que su hijo se diera cuenta.
13. After the journey to the summit, the farmer kept his mother out of sight.
Solución
TRUE. The farmer hid his mother at home (and for a time it seemed that all was peaceful). (línea 9).
La escondió en casa.
14. The aged woman burnt straw on a stone.
Solución
FALSE. She asked her son to make a rope of straw and burn it on a large flat stone. (línea 11).
Fue su hijo quien quemó la cuerda de paja, siguiendo su consejo.
15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
15.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “uninhabited” (adjective).
Solución
desolate (línea 3): “the desolate mountain summit”.
15.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “illogical” (adjective).
Solución
unreasonable (línea 10): “ordered something unreasonable”.
16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
16.1. ONE WORD MEANING “not involving war or violence”.
Solución
peaceful (línea 9): “it seemed that all was peaceful”.
16.2. ONE WORD MEANING “the quality of having experience, knowledge and good judgment”.
Solución
wisdom (líneas 10 y 12): “with the wisdom cultivated throughout her years”.
BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.
II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.
17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:
17.1. “Why don’t we go out? I fancy… a drink with you.” (have)
17.2. “When they arrived home, they realised they… the door open.” (leave)
Solución
17.1. “Why don’t we go out? I fancy having a drink with you.”
Fancy (“apetecer”) va seguido de -ing.
17.2. “When they arrived home, they realised they had left the door open.”
Acción anterior a otra del pasado: pasado perfecto.
18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:
18.1. “The final exam consists… ten brief questions.” on / from / into / of
18.2. “I apologised… being late at work.” for / with / by / from
Solución
18.1. “The final exam consists of ten brief questions.”
Consist of significa “constar de”.
18.2. “I apologised for being late at work.”
Apologise for + -ing significa “disculparse por”.
19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “Life quality is being improved by several interesting discoveries.”
Solución
Several interesting discoveries are improving life quality.
El agente pasa a ser el sujeto y se mantiene el presente continuo, en plural: are improving.
20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “She has just given us the exam.”
Solución
We have just been given the exam. (o The exam has just been given to us.)
Give tiene dos objetos, así que cualquiera puede ser el sujeto. Pasiva del present perfect: have/has just been + participio.
21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “He has been waiting in the queue for thirty minutes.”
Solución
How long has he been waiting in the queue?
Se pregunta por la duración con how long, con el auxiliar has delante del sujeto.
22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “Jimmy is my favourite cousin. Jimmy’s partner is my classmate.”
Solución
Jimmy, whose partner is my classmate, is my favourite cousin.
El genitivo Jimmy’s se sustituye por el relativo posesivo whose, en una relativa explicativa entre comas.
23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “I regret not going to your birthday party yesterday.” I wish…
Solución
I wish I had gone to your birthday party yesterday. (o I wish I could have gone…)
Para lamentar algo del pasado se usa wish + pasado perfecto, en afirmativa porque se desea lo contrario de lo que ocurrió.
24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “If you ever get bored watching youtubers, …”
Solución
If you ever get bored watching youtubers, you could read a good book. (por ejemplo)
La principal puede llevar un consejo o sugerencia: you can/may/could/might/should + infinitivo, o why not / why don’t you…?
25. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “Mike is fixing my car right now.” I…
Solución
I am having/getting my car fixed right now by Mike.
Estructura causativa have/get + objeto + participio en presente continuo, con el agente introducido por by.
26. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “My uncle didn’t seen nobody breaking into my house last night.”
Solución
My uncle didn’t see anybody breaking into my house last night.
Primer error: tras didn’t el verbo va en infinitivo. Segundo error: en inglés no se usa doble negación, así que con didn’t se usa anybody.
27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “Pam advised me to stop drinking coffee.”
Solución
Pam said to me / Pam told me: “You should (o ought to) stop drinking coffee.” (o “You’d better stop drinking coffee.”)
Un consejo en estilo indirecto (advised me to) se expresa en estilo directo con should, ought to o had better.
28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:
Solución
I am getting used to driving on the left.
Get used to + -ing significa “acostumbrarse a”; aquí, en presente continuo.
BLOQUE C (Redacción)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Deberá realizar una redacción de aproximadamente 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.
III * WRITING (3 points)
29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:
29.1. Eating out or eating at home? Discuss.
29.2. What would you change to have a better world? Explain.