PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LAUNIVERSIDAD
ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS
CONVOCATORIA ORDINARIA, CURSO 2020-2021
LENGUA EXTRANJERAINGLÉS(ACCESO)
Instrucciones:
a) Duración: 1 hora y 30 minutos.
b) Este examen consta de varios bloques. Debe responder a las preguntas que se indican en cada uno.
c) La puntuación está indicada en cada uno de los apartados.
d) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C)
En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las cuales se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.
BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora)
Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos
Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.
I * COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.
TEXT 1: NEW COMICS
- Seeing your best friend in pain is never easy. Trinity Jagdeo knows that well, after her closest mate, Alexia, was diagnosed with a
- serious degenerative disease. Alexia had to spend months in hospital to finally understand that her life would never be the same again.
- Trinity did what she could to help her, but they could only watch films together. Eventually, she realized that Alexia needed somebody
- to look up to in order to help her through the pain she was suffering. It was at this point that Trinity started creating comics featuring
- superheroes with disabilities. It gave Trinity something to focus on, and it inspired her friend Alexia never to give up hope.
- Disney ignored her suggestion to create characters with disabilities or special needs, so Trinity established her own non-profit
- organization —“From We Can’t to We Can”. Through that, she has written and illustrated comic books which prove that people can
- still be superheroes, even if they aren’t like everybody else. She has made three incredible comics. The characters in Trinity’s books
- are based on real people, and this only makes her work much more powerful. Alexia and other kids in her position are incredibly
- grateful for what Trinity has done. It’s no wonder that she gets asked to speak at schools and universities, because she’s just as
- inspiring as the characters in her stories.
- This girl can definitely change the world, with or without superpowers. Hopefully, Trinity’s comics will convince mainstream networks
- and content creators to start giving a greater voice to those who still do not have one.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
1. Alexia knows that…
Solución
(a) her life has changed for ever.
Alexia comprendió que su vida nunca volvería a ser igual (línea 2): “to finally understand that her life would never be the same again.”
Es justo lo contrario: no volverá a su vida anterior (b); pasó meses en el hospital, no toda la vida (c); y el texto no dice que vaya a ser famosa (d).
2. Trinity and Alexia…
Solución
(d) discovered the power of comics.
Los cómics de Trinity dieron esperanza a Alexia (línea 5): “It gave Trinity something to focus on, and it inspired her friend Alexia never to give up hope.”
Antes solo podían ver películas juntas (a); quien da charlas es Trinity, no las dos (b); y Disney ignoró su propuesta (c).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
3. Trinity’s comics encouraged Alexia to be optimistic.
Solución
TRUE. (It gave Trinity something to focus on, and) it inspired her friend Alexia never to give up hope. (línea 5).
Los cómics animaron a Alexia a no perder la esperanza.
4. The comics industry welcomed Trinity’s initiative.
Solución
FALSE. Disney ignored her suggestion to create characters with disabilities or special needs, (so Trinity established her own non-profit organization…) (línea 6).
Disney ignoró su propuesta.
5. The characters in her comics show no connection with everyday life.
Solución
FALSE. The characters in Trinity’s books are based on real people, (and this only makes her work much more powerful.) (líneas 8-9).
Sus personajes se basan en personas reales.
6. Trinity’s comics may bring more visibility to disadvantaged people.
Solución
TRUE. (Hopefully,) Trinity’s comics will convince mainstream networks and content creators to start giving a greater voice to those who still do not have one. (líneas 12-13).
Espera que sus cómics den voz a quienes todavía no la tienen.
7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “admire” (verb).
Solución
look up to (línea 4): “Alexia needed somebody to look up to”.
7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “thankful” (adjective).
Solución
grateful (línea 10): “incredibly grateful for what Trinity has done”.
8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “to experience physical or mental pain”.
Solución
suffering (línea 4): “the pain she was suffering”. Como la definición es un infinitivo, también vale suffer.
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “generally accepted by most people”.
Solución
mainstream (línea 12): “mainstream networks”.
TEXT 2: WHY EVERYONE SHOULD HAVE MUSIC IN THEIR LIVES
- Most of us come across music almost every day: streaming on our mobile device, on the radio, television or in the streets. But why
- is it so important? According to Andy Smith, composer, musical director, educator and presenter on BBC, there are four main reasons
- why everyone should have music in their lives.
- Firstly, music brings people together. It speaks to all when words can fail and, wherever you go in the world, it is understood. Music
- is a universal gift and its power to connect people is without question, as it is an art form with human interaction at its centre. Most
- importantly, music has the ability to join people through the instruments they play or through a shared interest in a particular style.
- Secondly, music improves your health and well-being. It stimulates the brain, which in turn helps with pain relief, reducing stress. A
- study from Harvard University has shown that relaxing music may lower blood pressure and heart rate after physical exercise. It can
- also improve mood and reduce anxiety and, by connecting people, it can be an antidote to loneliness and social isolation.
- Music can also improve resilience. There are many skills required in order to learn how to play a musical instrument: technique,
- reading music, expression, listening and, as you continue to perfect these skills, you gain self-assurance.
- Finally, for Andy Smith, music is a creative means of expression for people from all social and cultural backgrounds to express
- themselves. Whether it is to transmit a political message, a particular emotion or just for pleasure, musicians have used sound and
- music since the dawn of humanity.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
9. According to the text, music…
Solución
(a) has been used since early times.
Los músicos han usado el sonido y la música desde el principio de la humanidad (líneas 13-14): “musicians have used sound and music since the dawn of humanity.”
También ha servido para transmitir mensajes políticos (b) y emociones, no solo por placer (c y d).
10. According to the text, music has the power to…
Solución
(a) cheer you up.
La música puede mejorar el estado de ánimo (líneas 8-9): “It can also improve mood and reduce anxiety”.
Une a las personas en lugar de separarlas (b y c); y habla a todos cuando las palabras fallan, no hace que fallen (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
11. Music has no effect on your brain.
Solución
FALSE. It stimulates the brain, (which in turn helps with pain relief, reducing stress.) (línea 7).
La música estimula el cerebro.
12. The fact that music gathers people is a remedy for those who have feelings of solitude.
Solución
TRUE. (It can also improve mood and reduce anxiety and,) by connecting people, it can be an antidote to loneliness and social isolation. (línea 9).
Al unir a las personas, combate la soledad.
13. The more you practise an instrument, the more confident you feel.
Solución
TRUE. (There are many skills required in order to learn how to play a musical instrument… and,) as you continue to perfect these skills, you gain self-assurance. (línea 11).
Perfeccionar esas habilidades da seguridad en uno mismo.
14. Being a musician involves belonging to an educated social class.
Solución
FALSE. (Finally, for Andy Smith,) music is a creative means of expression for people from all social and cultural backgrounds to express themselves. (líneas 12-13).
La música es para personas de cualquier origen social y cultural.
15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
15.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “succeed” (verb).
Solución
fail (línea 4): “when words can fail”.
15.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “cure” (noun).
Solución
antidote (línea 9): “an antidote to loneliness”.
16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
16.1. ONE WORD MEANING “the state of being happy, healthy or prosperous”.
Solución
well-being (línea 7): “your health and well-being”.
16.2. ONE WORD MEANING “a feeling of relaxation after anxiety or pain ends”.
Solución
relief (línea 7): “helps with pain relief”.
BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.
II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.
17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:
17.1. “I need to have my hair… .” (do)
17.2. “They agreed… at 7 p.m.” (meet)
Solución
17.1. “I need to have my hair done.”
Estructura causativa have + objeto + participio: otra persona me arregla el pelo.
17.2. “They agreed to meet at 7 p.m.”
Agree va seguido de to + infinitivo.
18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:
18.1. “Do Laura and Tom get… with each other?” across / along / down / over
18.2. “We’ve got… time before the plane leaves. Shall we get a coffee?” a lot / a few / a little / many
Solución
18.1. “Do Laura and Tom get along with each other?”
Get along with significa “llevarse bien con”.
18.2. “We’ve got a little time before the plane leaves.”
Time es incontable, así que se descartan a few y many; a lot necesitaría of. A little significa “un poco”.
19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “When will the announcement be made?”
Solución
When will they/you make the announcement?
Como la pasiva no indica quién hará el anuncio, se usa un sujeto genérico (they o you) y se mantiene el futuro.
20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “They didn’t give him what he needed.”
Solución
He wasn’t given what he needed. (o What he needed wasn’t given to him.)
Give tiene dos objetos, así que cualquiera puede ser el sujeto de la pasiva negativa en pasado (wasn’t given).
21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “He persuaded John by giving him a bunch of flowers.”
Solución
How did he persuade John?
Se pregunta por el modo con how, con did y el verbo en infinitivo.
22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “The tree was very large. We had a nap under it yesterday.”
Solución
The tree under which we had a nap yesterday was very large. (o The tree (which/that) we had a nap under yesterday was very large.)
El pronombre it se sustituye por which; la preposición under puede ir delante del relativo o al final.
23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “Despite his age, my uncle still runs marathons.” Although…
Solución
Although my uncle is (very/quite) old (o not young), he still runs marathons.
Despite va seguido de un nombre (his age); although necesita una oración con sujeto y verbo.
24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “Unless they are paid for it, …”
Solución
Unless they are paid for it, they won’t do the job. (por ejemplo)
Unless (“a menos que”) va con presente; la principal puede llevar presente simple, will/can/may… + infinitivo, be going to o un imperativo.
25. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “If you read many books, you will gain more knowledge.” The more…
Solución
The more books you read, the more knowledge you (will) gain.
Estructura the more…, the more… (“cuanto más…, más…”).
26. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “The others passengers are asking me who suitcase this is.”
Solución
The other passengers are asking me whose suitcase this is.
Primer error: other delante de un nombre es adjetivo y no lleva -s. Segundo error: para preguntar por el dueño se usa whose.
27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “Tom said: ‘I will do my best at the competition tomorrow’.”
Solución
Tom said (that) he would do his best at the competition the following/next day. (o Tom promised to do his best at the competition the following/next day.)
Will retrocede a would, I/my pasan a he/his y tomorrow a the following day.
28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:
Solución
Who said that my teacher was wrong?
Pregunta de sujeto con who, sin auxiliar, seguida de said that + oración.
BLOQUE C (Redacción)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Deberá realizar una redacción de aproximadamente 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.
III * WRITING (3 points)
29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:
29.1. People with disabilities are heroes in our world. Discuss.
29.2. How important is music in your life? Explain.