PRUEBA DE EVALUACIÓN DE BACHILLERATO PARA ELACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD Y PRUEBAS DE ADMISIÓN
ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS
CURSO 2023-2024
LENGUA EXTRANJERA(INGLÉS) ACCESO
Instrucciones:
a) Duración: 1 hora y 30 minutos.
b) Todas las cuestiones deben responderse en el papel entregado para la realización del examen y nunca en los folios que contienen los enunciados.
c) Este examen consta de varios bloques. Debe responder a las preguntas que se indican en cada uno.
d) La puntuación está indicada en cada uno de los apartados.
e) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C)
En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las que se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.
BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora)
Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos
Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.
COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.
TEXT 1: YOUNG PEOPLE’S SCREEN TIME
- As we can attest from firsthand experience, regular TV viewership has been decreasing as streaming services like Netflix are
- becoming increasingly popular. The amount of time kids and teens spend watching TV has dropped. In 2013, young people spent
- an average of 3 hours per day in front of the television screen; today, it’s an hour and 12 minutes. So, have youth reduced their
- screen time? Not really. Studies show that they have rather traded the TV screen for their phone and laptop. Now the average
- youth watches 97 minutes of YouTube and 95 minutes of TikTok per day.
- A few years ago, two Oxford researchers captured the media’s attention by concluding that screen time was as bad for teen
- mental health as… potatoes! Their paper even stated that social media had no psychological negative effects. However, most
- evidence points to the contrary. Two Spanish researchers argued that the Oxford study’s conclusions were “extremely misleading”,
- after they found that the use of social media was strongly linked to mental health issues, while TV and gaming were only weakly
- related. Other studies confirmed this and added that the worst effects impacted girls 50% more than boys.
- It’s time to abandon the idea that screen time doesn’t matter for mental health. It does. It’s just that some screen time matters
- more than others. Social media seems the most problematic. For practical purposes, that’s good news. Parents, policymakers,
- and teens themselves don’t need to consider giving up technology; instead, they can focus on cutting back on social media time.
- There are other ways teens can stay in touch with friends virtually, like texting, gaming together or meeting on FaceTime or Zoom.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
1. According to the text, young people today…
Solución
(b) use multiple devices for entertainment.
Los jóvenes siguen viendo la televisión, aunque menos, y además usan el móvil y el portátil (línea 4): “they have rather traded the TV screen for their phone and laptop”, con YouTube y TikTok cada día.
El texto no compara a los jóvenes con otros grupos de edad (a); ven más YouTube (97 minutos) que televisión (una hora y 12 minutos) (c); y siguen viendo algo de televisión convencional, así que no lo ven todo por internet (d).
2. The Oxford research on social media…
Solución
(a) was contradicted by several researchers.
Dos investigadores españoles calificaron sus conclusiones de engañosas, y otros estudios les dieron la razón (líneas 8-10): “Two Spanish researchers argued that the Oxford study’s conclusions were ‘extremely misleading’… Other studies confirmed this”.
Fueron otros estudios, no el de Oxford, los que mostraron que afecta más a las chicas (b); la mayoría de los datos dicen lo contrario (“most evidence points to the contrary”) (c); y llamó la atención de los medios (“captured the media’s attention”) (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
3. People watch less conventional TV than they used to.
Solución
TRUE. “(As we can attest from firsthand experience,) regular TV viewership has been decreasing (as streaming services like Netflix are becoming increasingly popular.)” (líneas 1-2).
La audiencia de la televisión convencional (“regular TV”) lleva tiempo bajando.
4. Spanish researchers studied the effect of videogames on young people.
Solución
TRUE. “Two Spanish researchers argued that (the Oxford study’s conclusions were ‘extremely misleading’, after they found that the use of social media was strongly linked to mental health issues, while) TV and gaming were only weakly related.” (líneas 8-10).
Su estudio analizó, entre otras cosas, el efecto de los videojuegos (“gaming”) y concluyó que apenas está relacionado con los problemas de salud mental.
5. The author is emphatic that screen devices have an unquestionable psychological impact.
Solución
TRUE. “It’s time to abandon the idea that screen time doesn’t matter for mental health. // It does.” (línea 11).
La frase corta y rotunda “It does.” muestra que el autor no tiene ninguna duda: el tiempo de pantalla sí afecta a la salud mental.
6. The author suggests that adolescents should avoid interacting with friends online.
Solución
FALSE. “There are other ways teens can stay in touch with friends virtually(, like texting, gaming together or meeting on FaceTime or Zoom).” (línea 14).
El autor propone reducir el tiempo en redes sociales, pero anima a seguir en contacto con los amigos por internet de otras formas.
7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “change” (verb)
Solución
traded (línea 4): “they have rather traded the TV screen for their phone and laptop”. Como se pide un verbo, también vale el infinitivo, trade.
7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “audience” (noun)
Solución
viewership (línea 1): “regular TV viewership has been decreasing”.
8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “someone responsible for making new rules, laws, etc.”
Solución
policymakers (línea 12): “Parents, policymakers, and teens themselves”. Como la definición está en singular (“someone”), también vale policymaker.
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “to send a message from one mobile phone to another.”
Solución
texting (línea 14): “like texting, gaming together…”. Como la definición es un infinitivo (“to send…”), también vale text.
TEXT 2: CHARLES DICKENS
- Charles Dickens is one of the greatest writers in English literature. His stories such as Great Expectations and Oliver Twist
- continue to shape the way in which we understand nineteenth-century England.
- Forget the idea that Dickens was always a rich, benevolent gentleman. His family moved around a lot in Dickens’s youth, from
- Portsmouth to Kent, and from there to London. Dickens’s father was getting deeper and deeper into debt, and the family were
- literally running away from their creditors. When he was 12, Dickens was sent to live with a family friend and to work at Warren’s
- shoe polish factory. In his youth, Dickens thought of becoming an actor. However, he fell in love with a woman whose parents were
- middle-class and disapproved of her association with an aspiring actor —actors being seen as of a low social status at the time.
- Once he was a famous writer, Dickens became a well-known philanthropist who committed himself to many charities,
- particularly focusing on issues of child poverty and education. On the same altruistic note, Dickens was also the editor of magazines
- that, at popular prices, brought literature to everybody. They featured stories by different writers, established novelists, including
- himself, and also women, like the first salaried female journalist, Eliza Lynn Linton.
- Dickens wrote A Christmas Carol rapidly, taking just six weeks from beginning to end. He was forced to pay half the publication
- costs himself as his publishers failed to see the value of a Christmas story. Ironically, it’s never been out of print since its publication
- in 1843 and it’s been considered one of Dickens’s finest literary achievements, as well as an inspiration for numerous films.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
9. As an editor, Charles Dickens…
Solución
(a) published some stories written by women.
Sus revistas incluían relatos de distintos autores, también de mujeres (líneas 10-11): “They featured stories by different writers, established novelists, including himself, and also women, like the first salaried female journalist, Eliza Lynn Linton.”
Publicaba a novelistas ya consagrados (“established novelists”), no se centraba en nuevas promesas (b); vendía las revistas a precios populares para acercar la literatura a todos, con un fin altruista (“at popular prices, brought literature to everybody”) (c); y las mujeres eran autoras de los relatos, no su tema (d).
10. According to the text, A Christmas Carol…
Solución
(c) had to be co-financed by Dickens himself.
Dickens tuvo que pagar de su bolsillo la mitad de los costes de publicación (líneas 12-13): “He was forced to pay half the publication costs himself”.
Los editores no vieron el valor de la historia (“his publishers failed to see the value of a Christmas story”) (a); la escribió deprisa, en solo seis semanas (“rapidly, taking just six weeks”) (b); y se considera una de sus mejores obras (“one of Dickens’s finest literary achievements”) (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
11. The Dickenses had a hard time due to the father’s spending habits.
Solución
TRUE. “Dickens’s father was getting deeper and deeper into debt, and the family were literally running away from their creditors.” (líneas 4-5).
Las deudas del padre obligaban a la familia a huir de sus acreedores.
12. Dickens did not have experience as a manual worker.
Solución
FALSE. “(When he was 12,) Dickens was sent to (live with a family friend, and to) work at Warren’s shoe polish factory.” (líneas 5-6).
Con 12 años trabajó en una fábrica de betún, un trabajo manual.
13. Actors were well regarded in Dickens’s times.
Solución
FALSE. “(However, he fell in love with a woman whose parents were middle-class and disapproved of her association with an aspiring actor) —actors being seen as of a low social status at the time.” (líneas 6-7).
En aquella época se consideraba que los actores tenían un estatus social bajo.
14. Dickens supported numerous good causes.
Solución
TRUE. “(Once he was a famous writer,) Dickens became a well-known philanthropist who committed himself to many charities (, particularly focusing on issues of child poverty and education.)” (líneas 8-9).
Se volcó en muchas causas benéficas, sobre todo la pobreza infantil y la educación.
15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
15.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR: “consent” (verb)
Solución
disapproved (línea 7): “disapproved of her association with an aspiring actor”. Como se pide un verbo, también vale el infinitivo, disapprove.
15.2. ONE OPPOSITE FOR: “wealth” (noun)
Solución
poverty (línea 9): “issues of child poverty and education”.
16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
16.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “something done successfully with effort, skill or courage.”
Solución
achievements (línea 14): “one of Dickens’s finest literary achievements”. Como la definición está en singular, también vale achievement.
16.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “a person to whom money is owed.”
Solución
creditors (línea 5): “running away from their creditors”. Como la definición está en singular (“a person”), también vale creditor.
BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.
USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.
17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:
17.1. “Please, let me … when you are coming.” (know)
17.2. “When you arrived, we …” (already / leave)
Solución
17.1. “Please, let me know when you are coming.”
Let + objeto va seguido de infinitivo sin to: let me know.
17.2. “When you arrived, we had already left.”
Se usa el pasado perfecto (had + participio) para una acción anterior a otra acción pasada: ya nos habíamos ido cuando llegaste. Already va entre had y el participio.
18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:
18.1. “Neither Tom … Claire came to the meeting.” nor / or / either / neither
18.2. “You need to follow the recipe step … step.” at / by / on / for
Solución
18.1. “Neither Tom nor Claire came to the meeting.”
Neither siempre va con nor (“ni… ni…”), igual que either va con or.
18.2. “You need to follow the recipe step by step.”
Step by step (“paso a paso”) es una expresión fija.
19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “The accident has been caused by a driver using a mobile phone.”
Solución
A driver using a mobile phone has caused the accident.
El agente (by a driver using a mobile phone) pasa a ser el sujeto y el sujeto de la pasiva (the accident) pasa a ser el objeto. Se mantiene el present perfect: has been caused → has caused.
20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “Is somebody going to order the pizzas in the end?”
Solución
Are the pizzas going to be ordered in the end?
El objeto (the pizzas, plural) pasa a ser el sujeto, por eso el verbo es are. Con be going to la pasiva se forma con going to be + participio. El agente somebody no aporta información y se omite.
21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “They sold Anna’s car in just one week.”
Solución
Whose car did they sell in just one week?
Para preguntar por el poseedor se usa whose + nombre (whose car). Como el verbo está en pasado simple, la pregunta lleva el auxiliar did y el verbo en infinitivo: sold → did… sell.
22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “Detroit is the city. They lived there when they were young.”
Solución
Detroit is the city where (o in which) they lived when they were young.
El adverbio there se refiere a un lugar (the city), así que se sustituye por el relativo where o por in which, y desaparece.
23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “I’d rather you didn’t stay long at the party.” You had…
Solución
You had better not stay long at the party.
I’d rather you didn’t… expresa una preferencia sobre lo que hace otra persona; con had better not + infinitivo sin to se convierte en un consejo. La negación va detrás de better.
24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “Unless Jake finds a proper solution, …”
Solución
Unless Jake finds a proper solution, the problem will get worse. (por ejemplo)
Es un primer condicional: si la condición va en presente simple (finds), la oración principal lleva sujeto + will, can o may + infinitivo. También vale sujeto + presente simple si es una verdad general (…, he loses his job). Cualquier final con sentido y con esa estructura es correcto.
25. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “Despite of the challenges, we managed completing the project on time.”
Solución
Despite the challenges, we managed to complete the project on time.
Primer error: despite no lleva of (se confunde con in spite of). Segundo error: manage va seguido de to + infinitivo, no de -ing.
26. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “The policewoman asked to see my driving license.”
Solución
“Can/Could/May I see your driving license (, please)?” the policewoman said to me / asked (me).
Una petición en estilo indirecto (asked to see) se convierte en una pregunta de petición con Can/Could/May I…?. Cambian los pronombres: my (quien cuenta la historia) pasa a your, porque ahora habla la policía.
27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “‘I must return the car to my father next weekend,’ Paul said.”
Solución
Paul said (that) he had to return the car to his father the following weekend / the weekend after.
En estilo indirecto, must de obligación pasa a had to; los pronombres cambian (I → he, my → his) y la expresión de tiempo también: next weekend → the following weekend o the weekend after. That se puede omitir.
28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:
Solución
There should be enough apple pie for everyone at the bakery.
La estructura es there + modal + be (“debería haber”). Enough va delante del nombre (enough apple pie), seguido de for + persona, y al final el lugar: at the bakery.
BLOQUE C (Redacción)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Deberá realizar una redacción de un mínimo de 120 palabras de UNO de los dos temas propuestos SOLAMENTE.
WRITING (3 points)
29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF AT LEAST 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:
29.1. What do you think about using mobile phones in schools? Give reasons.
29.2. “Young people do not read books anymore.” Discuss.