PRUEBA DE EVALUACIÓN DE BACHILLERATO PARA ELACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD Y PRUEBAS DE ADMISIÓN
ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS
CURSO 2023-2024
LENGUA EXTRANJERA(INGLÉS) ACCESO
Instrucciones:
a) Duración: 1 hora y 30 minutos.
b) Todas las cuestiones deben responderse en el papel entregado para la realización del examen y nunca en los folios que contienen los enunciados.
c) Este examen consta de varios bloques. Debe responder a las preguntas que se indican en cada uno.
d) La puntuación está indicada en cada uno de los apartados.
e) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C)
En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las que se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.
BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora)
Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos
Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.
COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.
TEXT 1: THE ETHICS OF TRUE CRIME
- True crime TV shows have been so popular in the past few years that they have become the object of academic study.
- Professor of Media Ethics Whitney Phillips claims that the reason for the current success of this genre, as compared to novels and
- movies, is the reality factor: audiences enjoy feeling engaged in an actual mystery happening before them.
- Research has found that white women are the largest demographic group consuming true crime. The explanation is that, since
- white women have anxiety about potential threats, they turn to true crime to feel better prepared in case anything violent were to
- happen to them. The fact that the target audience is basically white women determines the profile of typical victims in true crime
- —white and female. After all, audiences prefer to watch cases they can relate to. Phillips argues that this produces the “missing
- white woman syndrome,” that is, the idea that there’s only one type of victim whose story matters. The media reinforce this with
- many stories and updates about white female victims, while stories about marginalized groups like Indigenous women are rarely
- shown, if at all. Even white women who are missing or murdered receive little media attention when they’re sex workers, because
- they’re perceived as less valuable than “innocent” white women.
- Another harmful effect resulting from the boom of true crime is the dehumanization of victims when their tragedies become
- marketable content. As one victim said, “My trauma’s not your entertainment. Awareness is a whole different story.”
- Fortunately, there’s an alternative: ethical true crime, which avoids sensationalising the narrative and honours victims. Further
- still, it seeks a way to help their case and alert to social inequalities.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
1. According to the text, the key to the boom of true crime shows lies in…
Solución
(b) presenting real people’s cases.
El éxito del género se debe a que los casos son reales (líneas 2-3): “the reason for the current success of this genre… is the reality factor: audiences enjoy feeling engaged in an actual mystery happening before them.”
El texto compara el género con las novelas y películas, pero no dice que las adapte (a); muestra casi siempre un único tipo de víctima, mujeres blancas (c); y el interés académico es una consecuencia de su éxito, no la causa (“so popular… that they have become the object of academic study”) (d).
2. According to the text, white women follow the true crime genre in great numbers…
Solución
(c) to learn how to keep safe.
Lo ven para sentirse mejor preparadas por si les ocurre algo violento (líneas 4-6): “since white women have anxiety about potential threats, they turn to true crime to feel better prepared in case anything violent were to happen to them.”
El texto no dice que el género sea nuevo (a) ni que lo vean por la emoción de las historias (b); y prefieren casos con los que se identifican, mientras que las víctimas marginadas apenas aparecen (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
3. True crime’s average viewers resemble the victims featured in the shows.
Solución
TRUE. “The fact that the target audience is basically white women determines the profile of typical victims in true crime —white and female.” // “(After all,) audiences prefer to watch cases they can relate to.” (líneas 6-7).
El público son sobre todo mujeres blancas, y las víctimas de los programas también lo son, porque los espectadores prefieren casos con los que se identifican. Basta con una de las dos citas.
4. There is a shortage of true crime episodes about Native American female victims.
Solución
TRUE. “(The media reinforce this with many stories and updates about white female victims, while) stories about marginalized groups like Indigenous women are rarely shown (, if at all).” (líneas 8-10).
Las historias de mujeres indígenas (“Indigenous women”, es decir, nativas americanas) apenas se emiten.
5. All white female victims are equally relevant for the media.
Solución
FALSE. “Even white women who are missing or murdered receive little media attention when they’re sex workers (, because they’re perceived as less valuable than ‘innocent’ white women).” (líneas 10-11).
Las víctimas blancas que son trabajadoras sexuales reciben poca atención mediática.
6. Ethical true crime raises visibility for all kinds of victims.
Solución
TRUE. “(Further still,) it seeks a way to help their case and alert to social inequalities.” (líneas 14-15).
El true crime ético busca ayudar a las víctimas y denunciar las desigualdades sociales, es decir, dar visibilidad también a quienes normalmente no la tienen.
7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “seldom” (adverb)
Solución
rarely (línea 9): “stories about marginalized groups like Indigenous women are rarely shown”.
7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “worthy” (adjective)
Solución
valuable (línea 11): “they’re perceived as less valuable than ‘innocent’ white women”.
8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “the most recent news or information about something.”
Solución
updates (línea 9): “many stories and updates about white female victims”. Como la definición está en singular, también vale update.
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “a danger that something unpleasant might happen.”
Solución
threats (línea 5): “anxiety about potential threats”. Como la definición está en singular (“a danger”), también vale threat.
TEXT 2: POMFRET, VERMONT: THE TOWN THAT WENT VIRAL
- With a mere handful of businesses, Pomfret, located in Vermont (US), is generally a quiet place. But in autumn, as “leaf-
- peepers” from everywhere descend on the region’s hills to witness its multicolored leaves, all that changes.
- Ever since images of Sleepy Hollow Farm, a private property set on a rustic road, began going viral on social media a few
- years ago, locals say that things have gotten out of hand. A quick look on Instagram reveals thousands of images of the farm’s
- winding road lined by trees lit up in autumnal reds and pumpkin oranges. It’s no wonder then that this unlikely farm has become
- known as one of “the most photographed places in the state.”
- Unfortunately, social media influencers regularly climb over gates covered with “No Trespassing” signs, get their “city cars”
- stuck on the narrow country road, and leave bodily waste by the roadside. “It’s a hotel and amusement park —bring all your friends,”
- laughed out an Instagrammer with 20,000 followers.
- “It’s a beautiful spot. It’s too bad that it’s been ruined for everybody,” said Deborah Goodwin, a local councilwoman. “Tour
- buses are constantly unloading crowds of people out there. We can’t have this anymore.” In 2022, town officials finally voted to
- close the roads leading to the farm to non-residents during the autumn season, which annoyed the travelers who had come hoping
- to capture a perfect autumnal photo.
- “We enjoy having tourists. It’s a big part of the Vermont economy, and we want people to enjoy its bucolic beauty and visit the
- shops,” Goodwin says. Her call is for responsible tourism that enjoys Pomfret’s beauty without ruining what makes it special —its
- peaceful charm.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
9. According to the text, Pomfret has…
Solución
(b) become an attraction due to media exposure.
Las fotos de la granja se hicieron virales en las redes sociales y desde entonces la situación se ha desbordado (líneas 3-4): “Ever since images of Sleepy Hollow Farm… began going viral on social media a few years ago, locals say that things have gotten out of hand.”
Normalmente es un lugar tranquilo (“generally a quiet place”) (a); se cerraron las carreteras a los no residentes por las aglomeraciones, no por motivos económicos, y de hecho el turismo es importante para su economía (c); y el texto no habla de mejorar la oferta turística (d).
10. According to the text, “leaf-peepers” are…
Solución
(a) visitors who love the colorful autumn countryside.
Son visitantes que llegan de todas partes para ver los colores de las hojas en otoño (líneas 1-2): “‘leaf-peepers’ from everywhere descend on the region’s hills to witness its multicolored leaves”.
No son dueños de negocios (b) ni concejales (d), sino visitantes de fuera; y a los turistas la prohibición les molestó (“which annoyed the travelers”) (c).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
11. There are plenty of stores and shops in Pomfret.
Solución
FALSE. “With a mere handful of businesses(, Pomfret, located in Vermont (US), is generally a quiet place).” (línea 1).
A mere handful significa “apenas un puñado”: hay muy pocos negocios.
12. Local residents’ privacy is often invaded by photo seekers.
Solución
TRUE. “(Unfortunately,) social media influencers regularly climb over gates covered with ‘No Trespassing’ signs(, get their ‘city cars’ stuck on the narrow country road, and leave bodily waste by the roadside).” (líneas 7-8).
Los influencers saltan con frecuencia (“regularly”) las vallas de una propiedad privada pese a los carteles de “Prohibido el paso”.
13. Tourists are understanding about the prohibition to drive to the farm.
Solución
FALSE. “(In 2022, town officials finally voted to close the roads leading to the farm to non-residents during the autumn season,) which annoyed the travelers who had come hoping to capture a perfect autumnal photo.” (líneas 11-13).
El cierre de las carreteras molestó a los visitantes; no lo entendieron.
14. Pomfret welcomes holidaymakers who respect its essence.
Solución
TRUE. “Her call is for responsible tourism that enjoys Pomfret’s beauty without ruining what makes it special —its peaceful charm.” (líneas 15-16).
El pueblo quiere turistas, siempre que respeten su encanto tranquilo, que es su esencia.
15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
15.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “spoil” (verb)
Solución
ruined (línea 10): “it’s been ruined for everybody”, o ruining (línea 15): “without ruining what makes it special”. También vale el infinitivo, ruin.
15.2. ONE OPPOSITE FOR: “wide” (adjective)
Solución
narrow (línea 8): “stuck on the narrow country road”.
16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
16.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “to move upwards, especially by using the hands and feet.”
Solución
climb (línea 7): “social media influencers regularly climb over gates”.
16.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “a large gathering of people.”
Solución
crowds (línea 11): “unloading crowds of people out there”. Como la definición está en singular, también vale crowd.
BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.
USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.
17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:
17.1. “When hanging out with your friends, avoid … junk food.” (buy)
17.2. “At 9 p.m. tomorrow I … over Cambridge.” (fly)
Solución
17.1. “When hanging out with your friends, avoid buying junk food.”
El verbo avoid va siempre seguido de -ing.
17.2. “At 9 p.m. tomorrow I will be flying over Cambridge.”
Se usa el futuro continuo (will be + -ing) para una acción que estará en curso en un momento concreto del futuro: mañana a las nueve.
18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:
18.1. “There is … noise in the classroom.” too many / too much / few / a lot
18.2. “Lisa came … a gold ring in the sand.” up / off / round / across
Solución
18.1. “There is too much noise in the classroom.”
Noise es incontable, así que va con much; too many y few son para contables, y a lot necesitaría of (a lot of noise).
18.2. “Lisa came across a gold ring in the sand.”
El phrasal verb come across significa “encontrar por casualidad”.
19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “Will Ed Sheeran’s new album be released soon?”
Solución
Will they release Ed Sheeran’s new album soon?
Como la pasiva no indica quién hace la acción, en activa se usa el sujeto genérico they. Se mantiene el futuro: will be released → will… release, y el sujeto de la pasiva pasa a ser el objeto.
20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “You may see dolphins in this area if the sea is calm.”
Solución
Dolphins may be seen in this area if the sea is calm.
El objeto (dolphins) pasa a ser el sujeto. Con un modal, la pasiva se forma con modal + be + participio: may be seen. El sujeto genérico you no aporta información y se omite.
21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “The museum is just two miles from here.”
Solución
How far (from here) is the museum (from here)?
Para preguntar por una distancia se usa how far. Con el verbo be se invierte el orden sujeto-verbo: is the museum. From here puede ir detrás de how far o al final.
22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “Ann’s favourite dish is chicken Tikka Masala. She buys it at the local shop.”
Solución
Ann’s favourite dish is chicken Tikka Masala, which she buys at the local shop. (o Ann’s favourite dish, which she buys at the local shop, is chicken Tikka Masala.)
El pronombre it se sustituye por el relativo which y desaparece. Es una relativa explicativa, porque solo añade información sobre un plato ya identificado, así que va entre comas y no admite that.
23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “The podcast was so fascinating that I couldn’t stop listening to it.” It was such…
Solución
It was such a fascinating podcast that I couldn’t stop listening to it.
So va delante de un adjetivo solo (so fascinating); such va delante de a/an + adjetivo + nombre (such a fascinating podcast).
24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE: “My mother got promoted last month, since…”
Solución
My mother got promoted last month, since she had worked very hard all year. (por ejemplo)
Aquí since significa “ya que, porque” e introduce una causa, así que debe ir seguido de sujeto + verbo conjugado: en presente simple, present perfect, pasado simple o pasado perfecto (since she is very good at her job, since she has a lot of experience…). Cualquier causa con sentido y con esa estructura es correcta.
25. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “I’m not used to speak in public, but I’m getting better in it.”
Solución
I’m not used to speaking in public, but I’m getting better at it.
Primer error: en be used to (“estar acostumbrado a”), to es una preposición, así que va seguido de -ing. Segundo error: good/better se construye con la preposición at, no in.
26. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “My colleague asked me to postpone our meeting.”
Solución
“Could/Can we/you postpone our meeting(, please)?” asked my colleague / my colleague asked (me). (o “Postpone our meeting(, please),” asked my colleague / my colleague asked (me).)
Una petición en estilo indirecto (asked me to + infinitivo) se convierte en una pregunta de petición con Could/Can…? o en un imperativo, entre comillas. El posesivo our se mantiene porque la reunión es de los dos.
27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “‘If you have any problems with the heater, you can call me tonight,’ the landlord told Sally.”
Solución
The landlord said to / told Sally (that) if she had any problems with the heater, she could call him that night.
En estilo indirecto los tiempos retroceden (have → had, can → could), cambian los pronombres (you → she, me → him) y la expresión de tiempo (tonight → that night). That se puede omitir.
28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:
Solución
He is likely to miss the established deadline.
La estructura be likely to + infinitivo significa “es probable que”. El participio established funciona como adjetivo y va delante del nombre: the established deadline (“el plazo fijado”).
BLOQUE C (Redacción)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Deberá realizar una redacción de un mínimo de 120 palabras de UNO de los dos temas propuestos SOLAMENTE.
WRITING (3 points)
29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF AT LEAST 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:
29.1. What type of films or series do you like best? Give reasons.
29.2. Pros and cons of sharing your life on social media. Discuss.