PRUEBA DE EVALUACIÓN DE BACHILLERATO PARA ELACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD Y PRUEBAS DE ADMISIÓN
ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS
CONVOCATORIA EXTRAORDINARIA. CURSO 2021-2022
LENGUA EXTRANJERA II:INGLÉS(ACCESO)
Instrucciones:
a) Duración: 1 hora y 30 minutos.
b) Este examen consta de varios bloques. Debe responder a las preguntas que se indican en cada uno.
c) La puntuación está indicada en cada uno de los apartados.
d) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C)
En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las que se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.
BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora)
Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos
Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.
I * COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.
TEXT 1: JOSÉ ADOLFO QUISOCALA IS CHANGING THE WORLD
- When he was seven, José Adolfo Quisocala created a bank for school friends in his hometown of Arequipa, Peru, to save
- money to buy books, stationery and uniforms. Now, nine years later, the Bartselana Student Bank has 6,700 customers, all aged
- under 18. All these children can add more money to their savings by taking plastic and paper to recycle to school bus stops —the
- money is automatically credited to their bank accounts. Every month, the bank recycles between 15 and 16 tons of paper and
- plastic.
- The idea came to Quisocala when he saw children begging at traffic lights and wondered how he could help them and their
- families earn and save, and at the same time recycle household rubbish that would otherwise become litter. He left school to
- pursue his idea, but it was worth it, he says. “In my town, I considerably reduced the level of child poverty, the school drop-out rate
- and environmental pollution.”
- Quisocala also helped create the Bartselana Foundation, which turns donations of recyclable waste from local companies into
- funds to combat child hunger and improve education. The foundation has been making free online educational videos lately, which
- they put out via social media, explaining how to distinguish different types of plastic and paper for recycling, for example. “This is
- relevant information which is not taught at school so we make it public and free to watch,” says Quisocala.
- Now 16, he plans to pass the bank to another young executive in order to go to university. He intends to continue his social
- activism, working with the “least-favoured or forgotten groups in Latin America” and helping them benefit from carrying out
- environmental services.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
1. José Adolfo started the bank…
Solución
(d) to help his friends pay for their education.
Creó el banco para que sus compañeros ahorraran y pudieran comprar libros, material escolar y uniformes (líneas 1-2): “created a bank for school friends… to save money to buy books, stationery and uniforms.”
Lo creó con siete años, no en la adolescencia (a); era para sus compañeros de colegio, no para todos los estudiantes de Arequipa (b); y su objetivo era ayudar, no sacar beneficio (c).
2. The Bartselana Student Bank has been operating…
Solución
(b) only for minors.
Todos sus clientes son menores de 18 años (líneas 2-3): “the Bartselana Student Bank has 6,700 customers, all aged under 18.”
Funciona desde hace nueve años, no más de diez (“Now, nine years later”) (a); solo pueden usarlo menores, no cualquier persona de Arequipa (c); y con 6.700 clientes y paradas de autobús escolar como puntos de reciclaje, no se limita a su colegio (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
3. Customers can get loans from the Bartselana Student Bank by recycling.
Solución
FALSE. “All these children can add more money to their savings by taking plastic and paper to recycle to school bus stops (—the money is automatically credited to their bank accounts).” (línea 3).
Al reciclar no reciben préstamos (loans), sino que aumentan sus ahorros (savings).
4. José Adolfo wanted to help kids in need while reducing waste in his city.
Solución
TRUE. “The idea came to Quisocala when he saw children begging at traffic lights and wondered how he could help them (and their families) earn and save, and at the same time recycle household rubbish (that would otherwise become litter).” (líneas 6-7).
Quería ayudar a los niños que pedían en la calle y, a la vez, reciclar la basura doméstica.
5. The initiative developed by José Adolfo also involves businesses in Arequipa.
Solución
TRUE. “Quisocala also helped create the Bartselana Foundation, which turns donations of recyclable waste from local companies into funds to combat child hunger and improve education.” (líneas 10-11).
La fundación recibe residuos reciclables donados por empresas locales.
6. José Adolfo is currently planning to improve living conditions in other countries.
Solución
TRUE. “He intends to continue his social activism, working with the ‘least-favoured or forgotten groups in Latin America’ and helping them benefit from carrying out environmental services.” (líneas 14-16).
Quiere trabajar con los grupos más desfavorecidos de toda Latinoamérica, no solo de Perú.
7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “client” (noun).
Solución
customers (línea 2): “the Bartselana Student Bank has 6,700 customers”. Como “client” está en singular, también vale customer.
7.2. ONE OPPOSITE FOR: “increase” (verb).
Solución
reduced (línea 8): “I considerably reduced the level of child poverty”. Como se pide un verbo, también vale el infinitivo, reduce.
8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “to ask for money or food when being in need.”
Solución
begging (línea 6): “he saw children begging at traffic lights”. Como la definición es un infinitivo (“to ask…”), también vale beg.
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “writing materials and office supplies.”
Solución
stationery (línea 2): “to buy books, stationery and uniforms”.
TEXT 2: GARUM IN THE 21st CENTURY
- In modern laboratories, scientists are working to recreate garum, a sauce made from putrefying fish that was beloved by the
- ancient Greeks and Romans but hardly sounds appealing to 21st-century food lovers.
- The Latin term garum could refer to both a sauce used in the cooking process —sometimes also called liquamen— and to a
- condiment, made with the blood and viscera of fish, that writers such as Petronius, Ausonius and Seneca knew as garum sociorum
- (“garum of the allies”).
- Archaeologists had been unsuccessful in extracting well-preserved garum at excavations in Tunisia and other Mediterranean
- locations until Italian researchers in 2009 discovered six sealed dolia —large clay amphoras— in a building that they named the
- Garum Shop at Pompeii. The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 had buried the building under ash, thus perfectly preserving a
- small liquamen factory.
- Food technicians from the universities of Cadiz and Seville analysed the contents of the dolia at Pompeii and, using that
- information and a liquamen recipe thought to have been written in the third century AD, produced what they claim is the first
- scientific recreation of the 2,000-year-old fish sauce. This recreation is called Flor de Garum and is being sold in amphora-shaped
- glass bottles throughout Spain. Chefs state that it supercharges dishes with a potent flavour.
- It has been said that it is impossible to recreate definitive modern versions of these Roman ancient fish sauces, but at least
- this is the first time in modern history that a scientific reconstruction of garum has been successfully achieved.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
9. According to the text, …
Solución
(c) it is now possible to buy a version of garum.
La recreación, llamada Flor de Garum, está a la venta en toda España (líneas 12-13): “This recreation is called Flor de Garum and is being sold in amphora-shaped glass bottles throughout Spain.”
El garum era una salsa de pescado, no un dulce (a); la ceniza del Vesubio sepultó el edificio, no se usaba para cocinar la salsa (b); y se hacía con pescado en descomposición (“putrefying fish”), no fresco (d).
10. According to the text, Flor de Garum is made using…
Solución
(c) data obtained from Pompeian dolia.
Los técnicos analizaron el contenido de las ánforas de Pompeya y usaron esa información para recrear la salsa (líneas 10-12): “Food technicians… analysed the contents of the dolia at Pompeii and, using that information and a liquamen recipe…, produced what they claim is the first scientific recreation”.
La receta que usaron es del siglo III d. C., no de Séneca, que solo aparece como autor que conocía el condimento (a); lo que tiene 2.000 años es la salsa original, no el pescado que se usa ahora (b); y en Túnez no se consiguió extraer garum bien conservado (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
11. Today, people would love the original garum.
Solución
FALSE. “(In modern laboratories, scientists are working to recreate garum, a sauce made from putrefying fish that was beloved by the ancient Greeks and Romans) but hardly sounds appealing to 21st-century food lovers.” (línea 2).
Una salsa de pescado en descomposición apenas resulta atractiva para los aficionados a la comida de hoy.
12. Garum could be used in two different ways in Roman cooking.
Solución
TRUE. “The Latin term garum could refer to both a sauce used in the cooking process —sometimes also called liquamen— and to a condiment, made with the blood and viscera of fish, (that writers such as Petronius, Ausonius and Seneca knew as garum sociorum (‘garum of the allies’)).” (líneas 3-4).
Se usaba como salsa para cocinar y también como condimento.
13. Some garum amphoras were not destroyed due to volcanic activity.
Solución
TRUE. “The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 had buried the building under ash, thus perfectly preserving a small liquamen factory.” (líneas 8-9).
La ceniza de la erupción conservó perfectamente la fábrica y las ánforas que había dentro.
14. The new garum also helps to soften the taste of dishes.
Solución
FALSE. “Chefs state that it supercharges dishes with a potent flavour.” (línea 13).
No suaviza el sabor de los platos, sino que lo intensifica.
15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
15.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “esteemed” (adjective).
Solución
beloved (línea 1): “that was beloved by the ancient Greeks and Romans”.
15.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “rotten” (adjective).
Solución
putrefying (línea 1): “a sauce made from putrefying fish”.
16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
16.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “a building in which goods are manufactured.”
Solución
factory (línea 9): “a small liquamen factory”.
16.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “to close tightly so that nothing can enter or leak.”
Solución
sealed (línea 7): “six sealed dolia”. Como la definición es un infinitivo (“to close…”), también vale seal.
BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.
II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.
17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:
17.1. “He always makes me… when I feel sad.” (smile)
17.2. “They… since they bought the phone. I think they will finally get the refund.” (complain)
Solución
17.1. “He always makes me smile when I feel sad.”
Make + objeto (“hacer que alguien haga algo”) va seguido de infinitivo sin to.
17.2. “They have complained (o have been complaining) since they bought the phone. I think they will finally get the refund.”
Con since + momento del pasado se usa el present perfect, para una acción que empezó en el pasado y sigue hasta ahora. La forma continua (have been complaining) subraya que la acción se ha repetido o prolongado.
18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:
18.1. “Frankly, there’s no reason to be mad… this. Don’t get upset, please.” of / from / about / behind
18.2. “After using the spray, there were still… ants in the kitchen.” much / little / a little / a few
Solución
18.1. “Frankly, there’s no reason to be mad about this. Don’t get upset, please.”
Para expresar el motivo del enfado se usa be mad about something; con la persona se usa at.
18.2. “After using the spray, there were still a few ants in the kitchen.”
Ants es contable y plural, así que se descartan much, little y a little, que son para incontables. A few significa “algunas”: con still indica que aún quedaban unas cuantas.
19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “The passengers were told to stay away from the bus until the door opened.”
Solución
They/The driver told the passengers to stay away from the bus until the door opened.
Como la pasiva no indica quién dio la orden, en activa se usa un sujeto genérico (they) o el agente lógico (the driver). Se mantiene el pasado simple, were told → told, y the passengers pasa a ser el objeto.
20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “The staff at the shopping centre is already working on next year’s campaign.”
Solución
Next year’s campaign is already being worked on by the staff at the shopping centre.
El objeto del verbo preposicional work on pasa a ser el sujeto, y la preposición on se queda detrás del participio. Se mantiene el presente continuo: is being worked on.
21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “Martina criticised the organization of the event a lot.”
Solución
How much (o How often / How strongly) did Martina criticise the organization of the event?
A lot indica cantidad o intensidad, así que se pregunta con how much, how often o how strongly. Como el verbo está en pasado simple, la pregunta lleva did y el verbo en infinitivo: criticised → did… criticise.
22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “Randy’s pet needs to be kept in a cage. It is a rather dangerous snake.”
Solución
Randy’s pet, which is a rather dangerous snake, needs to be kept in a cage.
El pronombre it se sustituye por el relativo which. Es una relativa explicativa, porque solo añade información sobre una mascota ya identificada, así que va entre comas.
23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “If I were you, I wouldn’t tweet them any more messages like this one.” You’d better…
Solución
You’d better not tweet them any more messages like this one. (o You’d better stop tweeting them any more messages like this one.)
Un consejo con If I were you, I wouldn’t… se expresa con had better not + infinitivo sin to. También vale had better stop + -ing.
24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “As long as the doctor calls, …”
Solución
As long as the doctor calls, I will stay at home. (por ejemplo)
As long as (“siempre que”) introduce una condición en presente, como un primer condicional. La oración principal lleva sujeto + will/can/may (not) + infinitivo, o un imperativo (…, let me know). Cualquier final con sentido y con esa estructura es correcto.
25. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “It has been over two decades since The Matrix revolutionised the science fiction genre.” The Matrix…
Solución
The Matrix revolutionised the science-fiction genre over two decades ago.
It has been + periodo + since + pasado equivale a pasado simple + periodo + ago.
26. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “My grandchildrens asked me accompanying them home.”
Solución
My grandchildren asked me to accompany them home.
Primer error: grandchildren ya es plural (irregular, como children), así que no lleva -s. Segundo error: ask + persona va seguido de to + infinitivo, no de -ing.
27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “‘I think I am going to update my Facebook profile tomorrow,’ Brian replied.”
Solución
Brian replied that he thought he was going to update his Facebook profile the following day / the next day / the day after.
En estilo indirecto los tiempos retroceden (think → thought, am going to → was going to), cambian los pronombres (I → he, my → his) y la expresión de tiempo (tomorrow → the following day, the next day o the day after).
28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:
Solución
The most googled photo of all time is about actors.
El sujeto es un superlativo, the most googled photo (“la foto más buscada en Google”), seguido de la expresión fija of all time (“de todos los tiempos”). Después va el verbo is y about actors.
BLOQUE C (Redacción)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Deberá realizar una redacción de un mínimo de 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.
III * WRITING (3 points)
29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF AT LEAST 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:
29.1. How could you help people around you? Explain.
29.2. Do you think that our grandparents used to eat better than we do now? Explain.