PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LAUNIVERSIDAD
ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS
CONVOCATORIA ORDINARIA, CURSO 2020-2021
LENGUA EXTRANJERAINGLÉS(ACCESO)
Instrucciones:
a) Duración: 1 hora y 30 minutos.
b) Este examen consta de varios bloques. Debe responder a las preguntas que se indican en cada uno.
c) La puntuación está indicada en cada uno de los apartados.
d) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C)
En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las cuales se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.
BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora)
Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos
Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.
I * COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.
TEXT 1: IBERIAN LYNX COMES TO TOWN
- The Iberian Lynx remains an endangered species, rarely seen by the general public and remaining only in a very few areas of the
- Spanish countryside, as efforts continue to protect it and increase the number of breeding pairs in the wild. The lynx generally hides
- away from humans and with very good reason, since eradication of its habitat, farming, roads and hunters are the main causes why
- this magnificent animal is endangered in the first place.
- So, residents of Rociana del Condado in Huelva (near Doñana Park) were both surprised and excited when a young adult male was
- spotted running through the streets of the town on a Friday morning. News of its sighting spread rapidly and villagers gathered to try
- and capture a photograph of the lynx once it settled down by the church at the centre of the town.
- Local police called technicians from El Acebuche Breeding Centre and agents from Seprona (Nature Protection Service), who managed
- to capture the animal two hours after it was first sighted. The young male appeared to be one year old and was not microchipped, which
- means that its birth had not been recorded as part of the programme to protect the species in the nearby Doñana Park.
- After an initial check-up, the lynx was transferred to the Endangered Species Recovery Centre and will remain there until the final
- results of the tests, after which it can be tagged and released into the wild.
- The organisations involved in saving the feline from extinction say that numbers are still very low, their aspiration being to achieve a
- move to the classification of “vulnerable” species rather than “endangered” within the next five years.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
1. According to the text, the lynx…
Solución
(a) faces extinction due to a combination of threats.
El lince está en peligro por varias causas a la vez (líneas 3-4): “eradication of its habitat, farming, roads and hunters are the main causes why this magnificent animal is endangered in the first place.”
Los vecinos no lo cazaron, sino que intentaron hacerle fotos (b); no tenía microchip, así que nunca había estado registrado en el programa de protección y no se había escapado de ningún centro (c); y no se le puso el chip de inmediato: se le podrá marcar cuando estén los resultados de las pruebas (d).
2. According to the text, local police…
Solución
(b) were aided by Seprona agents.
La policía local llamó a técnicos del centro de cría y a agentes del Seprona, que lograron capturar al animal (líneas 8-9): “Local police called technicians from El Acebuche Breeding Centre and agents from Seprona (Nature Protection Service), who managed to capture the animal”.
Fueron los vecinos quienes lo vieron primero (a); el lince no tenía chip y nadie se lo puso (c); y lo llevaron al Centro de Recuperación de Especies Amenazadas, no al Parque de Doñana (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
3. Lynxes are usually afraid of people.
Solución
TRUE. “The lynx generally hides away from humans (and with very good reason).” (líneas 2-3).
El lince suele esconderse de las personas, porque son la principal amenaza para su supervivencia.
4. Local neighbours were astonished when they saw the specimen.
Solución
TRUE. “So, residents of Rociana del Condado in Huelva (near Doñana Park) were both surprised and excited (when a young adult male was spotted running through the streets of the town on a Friday morning).” (línea 5).
Los vecinos se quedaron sorprendidos y emocionados al ver al lince.
5. Just a few residents were aware of the incident.
Solución
FALSE. “News of its sighting spread rapidly (and villagers gathered to try and capture a photograph of the lynx once it settled down by the church at the centre of the town).” (línea 6).
La noticia corrió enseguida y muchos vecinos se juntaron para fotografiarlo.
6. Conservationists wish lynxes were less threatened in the future.
Solución
TRUE. “(The organisations involved in saving the feline from extinction say that numbers are still very low,) their aspiration being to achieve a move to the classification of ‘vulnerable’ species rather than ‘endangered’ within the next five years.” (líneas 13-14).
Su objetivo es que en cinco años el lince pase de especie “en peligro” a “vulnerable”, es decir, menos amenazada.
7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “lower” (verb).
Solución
increase (línea 2): “increase the number of breeding pairs in the wild”.
7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “impressive” (adjective).
Solución
magnificent (línea 4): “this magnificent animal”.
8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “to come together in a group”.
Solución
gathered (línea 6): “villagers gathered to try and capture a photograph”. Como la definición es un infinitivo (“to come together…”), también vale gather.
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “let go; set free from confinement”.
Solución
released (línea 12): “it can be tagged and released into the wild”. También vale el infinitivo, release.
TEXT 2: LITERATURE TO THE PEOPLE
- The public plazas in Grenoble, France, might appear to be a prototypical European panorama of outdoor cafes, people walking, and
- picturesque historic architecture. But the city has recently installed a handful of vending machines that, rather than snacks, dispense
- short stories in an effort to change the way people kill time. Instead of checking Twitter or playing videogames, the city’s residents may
- discover a new story from the publisher Short Édition.
- The vending machines can be used for free and operate 24 hours a day. Simply decide how long of a story you’d like (one, three, or
- five minutes), press the corresponding button, grab the printout and start reading. Currently, there are 600 short stories in the
- dispensers, which represent the best written works on Short Édition according to its community of 141,000 subscribers and 1,100
- authors.
- Quentin Plepé, co-founder of Short Édition, and his team came up with the idea a couple of years ago as they were standing around
- a snack machine in their office. What if the same concept could be applied to literature, they wondered. After two years of development,
- they finally launched their design. “The city council got involved from the beginning. What they really liked was the fact that the
- dispensers distribute culture through the city in an original way,” Plepé says. “Stories are an important part of our life. More and more
- people don’t take the time anymore to sit and read a book. This is a way to have a little ‘bite’ of a story, just for a couple of minutes,”
- concludes Plepé.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
9. Short story dispensers have been installed in Grenoble to…
Solución
(b) provide people with a free read.
Las máquinas dan relatos cortos y son gratuitas (línea 5): “The vending machines can be used for free and operate 24 hours a day.”
No venden libros (a) ni aperitivos, sino que dan relatos en lugar de aperitivos (“rather than snacks, dispense short stories”) (c); y buscan que la gente lea en vez de mirar Twitter (“Instead of checking Twitter…”) (d).
10. These short story dispensers…
Solución
(c) try to change people’s habits in this city.
Se instalaron para cambiar la forma en que la gente pasa el rato (líneas 2-3): “the city has recently installed a handful of vending machines that… dispense short stories in an effort to change the way people kill time.”
Se instalaron hace poco (“recently installed”) (a); las diseñó el equipo de Short Édition, aunque el ayuntamiento participó desde el principio (b); y están en las plazas públicas, al aire libre (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
11. In order to use short story dispensers, you need to pay a subscription to Short Édition.
Solución
FALSE. “The vending machines can be used for free (and operate 24 hours a day).” (línea 5).
Las máquinas son gratuitas; no hace falta pagar ninguna suscripción.
12. Readers can choose the length of their stories.
Solución
TRUE. “Simply decide how long of a story you’d like (one, three, or five minutes, press the corresponding button, grab the printout and start reading).” (línea 5).
El lector elige si quiere un relato de uno, tres o cinco minutos.
13. Quentin Plepé’s team developed a project proposed by the council of Grenoble.
Solución
FALSE. “Quentin Plepé, co-founder of Short Édition, and his team came up with the idea (a couple of years ago as they were standing around a snack machine in their office).” (línea 9) // “The city council got involved from the beginning.” (línea 11).
La idea fue del equipo de Plepé; el ayuntamiento se sumó al proyecto, pero no lo propuso. Basta con una de las dos citas.
14. The city council regarded the initiative as innovative.
Solución
TRUE. “What they really liked was the fact that the dispensers distribute culture through the city in an original way.” (líneas 11-12).
Al ayuntamiento le gustó que fuera una forma original de llevar la cultura por la ciudad.
15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
15.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “push” (verb).
Solución
press (línea 6): “press the corresponding button”.
15.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “attempt” (noun).
Solución
effort (línea 3): “in an effort to change the way people kill time”.
16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
16.1. ONE WORD MEANING “an act of cutting or breaking something using your teeth”.
Solución
bite (línea 13): “a little ‘bite’ of a story”.
16.2. ONE WORD MEANING “pretty and interesting in an old-fashioned way”.
Solución
picturesque (línea 2): “picturesque historic architecture”.
BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.
II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.
17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:
17.1. “I don’t mind… up the dishes.” (wash)
17.2. “Mary was so angry that she demanded… the manager.” (see)
Solución
17.1. “I don’t mind washing up the dishes.”
El verbo mind (“importar”) va seguido de -ing.
17.2. “Mary was so angry that she demanded to see the manager.”
El verbo demand (“exigir”) va seguido de to + infinitivo.
18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:
18.1. “Lunch will be ready… the time you get back.” on / of / in / by
18.2. “It is… easier to ride a bicycle than explaining how it is ridden.” far / little / few / more
Solución
18.1. “Lunch will be ready by the time you get back.”
By the time (“para cuando”) es una expresión fija.
18.2. “It is far easier to ride a bicycle than explaining how it is ridden.”
Far (como much) intensifica un comparativo: far easier (“mucho más fácil”). More no puede ir con easier, que ya es comparativo.
19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “The Prime Minister was shouted at during her speech.”
Solución
People/They shouted at the Prime Minister during her speech.
Como la pasiva no indica quién gritó, en activa se usa un sujeto genérico (people o they). El verbo preposicional shout at mantiene la preposición delante de su objeto, y se conserva el pasado simple.
20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “They haven’t decided the exact time of the match yet.”
Solución
The exact time of the match hasn’t been decided yet.
El objeto pasa a ser el sujeto, con el present perfect pasivo (hasn’t been + participio). El agente genérico they se omite y yet se mantiene al final.
21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “That car belongs to my uncle.”
Solución
Who does that car belong to? (o To whom does that car belong?)
Se pregunta por una persona con who. Como belong to lleva preposición, esta puede quedarse al final (Who… belong to?) o ir delante de whom, que es más formal. La pregunta en presente simple lleva does.
22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “Helen is a friend. I went on holiday with her.”
Solución
Helen is a friend (who/that) I went on holiday with. (o Helen is a friend with whom I went on holiday.)
El pronombre her se sustituye por un relativo de persona. La preposición with puede quedarse al final, y entonces el relativo puede omitirse, o ir delante del relativo, que entonces debe ser whom.
23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “I don’t like being so tall.” I wish…
Solución
I wish I wasn’t/weren’t so tall. (o I wish I was/were small(er)/short(er).)
Para lamentar una situación presente se usa wish + pasado simple. Se desea lo contrario de la realidad: no ser tan alto, o ser más bajo.
24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “I wouldn’t have got wet if…”
Solución
I wouldn’t have got wet if I had taken an umbrella. (por ejemplo)
Es un tercer condicional, sobre una situación pasada que no ocurrió: si la oración principal lleva would(n’t) have + participio, la condición va con if + sujeto + had(n’t) + participio. Cualquier condición con sentido y con esa estructura es correcta.
25. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “I’m sure Jane hasn’t left home yet.” Jane…
Solución
Jane can’t have left home yet.
Para una deducción negativa casi segura sobre el pasado se usa can’t have + participio. Sustituye a I’m sure + oración negativa.
26. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “People is complaining about not be able to have their hair cut.”
Solución
People are complaining about not being able to have their hair cut.
Primer error: people es plural, así que el verbo es are. Segundo error: detrás de una preposición (about) el verbo va en -ing: not being able.
27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “Alex told Amanda he would see her the following day.”
Solución
“I’ll see you tomorrow, Amanda,” Alex said.
Se pasa de estilo indirecto a directo: would vuelve a will, los pronombres cambian (he → I, her → you) y the following day vuelve a tomorrow.
28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:
Solución
None of the students answered the question correctly.
El sujeto es none of the students (“ninguno de los estudiantes”). Después van el verbo, el objeto (the question) y, al final, el adverbio de modo correctly.
BLOQUE C (Redacción)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Deberá realizar una redacción de aproximadamente 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.
III * WRITING (3 points)
29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:
29.1. Animal rights are important. Discuss.
29.2. Do you prefer reading or watching a film? What kind of stories do you like best? Explain.