PRUEBA DE EVALUACIÓN DE BACHILLERATO PARA ELACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD Y PRUEBAS DE ADMISIÓN
ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS
CURSO 2023-2024
LENGUA EXTRANJERA(INGLÉS) ACCESO
Instrucciones:
a) Duración: 1 hora y 30 minutos.
b) Todas las cuestiones deben responderse en el papel entregado para la realización del examen y nunca en los folios que contienen los enunciados.
c) Este examen consta de varios bloques. Debe responder a las preguntas que se indican en cada uno.
d) La puntuación está indicada en cada uno de los apartados.
e) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C)
En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las que se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.
BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora)
Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos
Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.
COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.
TEXT 1: THE 30-MILLION-DOLLAR SANDWICH
- During the sixties, the United States was locked in a race with the Soviet Union for dominance in space. The question became
- who would get to the Moon first. In March 1965, NASA launched the spaceship Gemini 3 to develop space travel techniques in
- weightless conditions. It was the first U.S. mission to carry two astronauts —John Young and his crewmate, Gus Grissom.
- As the frozen meals that NASA had selected were not exactly appetizing to Young’s palate, he slipped a beef sandwich into
- his pocket just before the spaceship was launched. Two days later at lunchtime, Young shared a bite of his hidden sandwich with
- Grissom. Suddenly, breadcrumbs started floating around due to the lack of gravity, putting at risk the pieces of equipment that kept
- the 30-million spacecraft running. Aware of the serious threat, the astronauts opted to put the sandwich away and continued their
- mission with crumbs floating around the cabin.
- Young’s special menu didn’t cause any harm but it became a bigger issue back on Earth, resulting in an official review to
- discuss the incident. Young was given an official reprimand, the first ever for a NASA member. He eventually regretted taking the
- sandwich to space, but he later wrote that he didn’t think it was such a big deal. Firstly, because to his knowledge, it wasn’t even
- the first “illegal” sandwich but the third. And secondly, he joked, it didn’t even have mustard!
- While the infamous sandwich is no longer available, a similar one, preserved in acrylic, is on display at the Grissom Memorial
- Museum. It immortalizes the historic moment when an astronaut dared to eat a beef sandwich in space.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
1. According to the text, …
Solución
(a) Young was reprehended because of the sandwich.
Young recibió una amonestación oficial por el sándwich (línea 10): “Young was given an official reprimand, the first ever for a NASA member.”
La misión servía para practicar técnicas en ingravidez, no llegó a la Luna (b); las migas no causaron ningún daño (“didn’t cause any harm”) (c); y se llevó el sándwich porque no le gustaba la comida de la NASA, no para gastar una broma (d).
2. According to the text, Young managed to…
Solución
(b) keep on with the mission work.
Guardaron el sándwich y siguieron con la misión (líneas 7-8): “the astronauts opted to put the sandwich away and continued their mission”.
Se enteraron en la Tierra y hubo una investigación oficial (a); el texto no dice que cambiaran los menús (c); y lo escondió en el bolsillo, no en el equipo de la nave (d).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
3. NASA made inquiries into the sandwich affair.
Solución
TRUE. (Young’s special menu didn’t cause any harm but it became a bigger issue back on Earth,) resulting in an official review to discuss the incident. (líneas 9-10).
Se abrió una revisión oficial del incidente.
4. Young apologised right away for what he had done.
Solución
FALSE. He eventually regretted taking the sandwich to space(, but he later wrote that he didn’t think it was such a big deal). (líneas 10-11).
Se arrepintió con el tiempo (“eventually”), no de inmediato.
5. According to Young, no one had ever dared to do what he did.
Solución
FALSE. (Firstly, because to his knowledge,) it wasn’t even the first ‘illegal’ sandwich but the third. (líneas 11-12).
Según él, ya había habido otros dos sándwiches “ilegales” antes.
6. The remains of the sandwich are exhibited for visitors to see.
Solución
FALSE. While the infamous sandwich is no longer available, a similar one, preserved in acrylic, is on display at the Grissom Memorial Museum. (líneas 13-14).
Lo que se expone es un sándwich parecido, no los restos del original.
7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “yummy” (adjective)
Solución
appetizing (línea 4): “not exactly appetizing to Young’s palate”.
7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “conscious” (adjective)
Solución
aware (línea 7): “Aware of the serious threat”.
8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “to cause someone or something to be remembered for a very long time.”
Solución
immortalizes (línea 14): “It immortalizes the historic moment”. Como la definición es un infinitivo, también vale immortalize.
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “to say something funny to make people laugh.”
Solución
joked (línea 12): “And secondly, he joked”. También vale el infinitivo, joke.
TEXT 2: YOUR NOSE KNOWS
- Smell is a powerful sense. Why can a particular smell take us immediately to a vivid moment of our past? Smell and memory
- are so closely linked because, according to Harvard professor Venkatesh Murthy, “olfactory signals have direct access to the limbic
- system —the brain centre of emotion and memory.” Smell also plays a huge role in taste. When you chew, food molecules “make
- their way back to your nasal epithelium, so what you consider flavour is really smell.” Murthy says you can check this by pinching
- your nose when eating chocolate. With your nose passageway blocked, you’ll just taste sweetness instead of chocolate’s distinctive
- flavour.
- History confirms the importance of smell. Hieroglyphics show Ancient Egyptians making perfume as long ago as 3,000 BC.
- Egyptian priests burnt aromatic resins to sweeten the air in holy ceremonials and burials because they believed that this ritual
- connected humans with the gods. When those tombs were opened in the 1800s, the perfumes still maintained their original smells.
- There are also references to perfume in the Bible, and Chinese writings on aromatic products date even further back. So, when
- was perfumery born? Well, Stone Age humans had fire and could burn fragrant woods, but until archaeologists come across new
- evidence, we can only guess.
- In 16th- and 17th-century Europe, people associated unpleasant smells with disease. Wealthy people used scented things like
- cosmetics or perfumed gloves in the hope that their pleasant aroma could protect them against infection.
- Unsurprisingly, today’s perfume industry is a multi-million market. The latest thing: exclusive stores and hotels which have their
- own signature scents to make a lasting impression on customers through the power of perfume.
CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)
9. According to the text, the use of perfumed substances in Ancient Egypt…
Solución
(c) played a religious role.
Los sacerdotes quemaban resinas aromáticas en ceremonias sagradas porque creían que unían a los humanos con los dioses (líneas 8-9): “Egyptian priests burnt aromatic resins to sweeten the air in holy ceremonials and burials because they believed that this ritual connected humans with the gods.”
La Biblia habla del perfume en general, no del uso egipcio (a); el motivo era religioso, no ocultar el olor de la muerte (b); y los jeroglíficos lo documentan (d).
10. Historically, perfume was once believed to…
Solución
(d) prevent illness.
En los siglos XVI y XVII se pensaba que los buenos olores protegían de las infecciones (línea 14): “in the hope that their pleasant aroma could protect them against infection.”
El texto no dice que se considerara un regalo de los dioses (a), ni que intensificara el olor corporal (b); y la relación con las emociones es un dato científico actual, no una creencia histórica sobre el perfume (c).
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)
11. Smell and memory are anatomically related.
Solución
TRUE. Smell and memory are so closely linked because(, according to Harvard professor Venkatesh Murthy,) ‘olfactory signals have direct access to the limbic system —the brain centre of emotion and memory.’ (líneas 1-3).
Las señales del olfato llegan directamente a la zona del cerebro de la memoria.
12. You can fully taste food even if you cover your nose.
Solución
FALSE. (Murthy says you can check this by pinching your nose when eating chocolate.) With your nose passageway blocked, you’ll just taste sweetness instead of chocolate’s distinctive flavour. (líneas 4-6).
Con la nariz tapada solo se percibe el dulzor, no el sabor completo.
13. The use of perfume among primitive tribes has yet to be proved.
Solución
TRUE. (Well,) Stone Age humans had fire and could burn fragrant woods, but until archaeologists come across new evidence, we can only guess. (líneas 11-12).
Todavía no hay pruebas de que los humanos de la Edad de Piedra usaran perfumes.
14. Some top companies use perfume to make their brand unforgettable.
Solución
TRUE. (The latest thing:) exclusive stores and hotels which have their own signature scents to make a lasting impression on customers through the power of perfume. (líneas 15-16).
Tiendas y hoteles exclusivos tienen su propio aroma para que los clientes los recuerden.
15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
15.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “speculate” (verb)
Solución
guess (línea 12): “we can only guess”.
15.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR: “sacred” (adjective)
Solución
holy (línea 8): “in holy ceremonials and burials”.
16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
16.1. ONE WORD MEANING: “seeming like real life because it is very clear or detailed.”
Solución
vivid (línea 1): “a vivid moment of our past”.
16.2. ONE WORD MEANING: “to bite and crush with your teeth.”
Solución
chew (línea 3): “When you chew”.
BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.
USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.
17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:
17.1. “I … here for more than an hour and a half.” (wait)
17.2. “You had better … at least three times a week.” (exercise)
Solución
17.1. “I have been waiting (o have waited) here for more than an hour and a half.”
Con for + duración hasta ahora se usa el present perfect; la forma continua subraya que la espera sigue.
17.2. “You had better exercise at least three times a week.”
Had better va seguido de infinitivo sin to.
18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:
18.1. “As the office was closed, … could receive the parcel.” somebody / anybody / nobody / everybody
18.2. “We need to concentrate … this project.” in / on / with / about
Solución
18.1. “As the office was closed, nobody could receive the parcel.”
Si la oficina estaba cerrada, nadie pudo recoger el paquete. Como el verbo (could) es afirmativo, la negación la aporta nobody.
18.2. “We need to concentrate on this project.”
Concentrate on (“concentrarse en”) lleva la preposición on.
19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “The escaped criminal was seen at the train station yesterday by some passengers.”
Solución
Some passengers saw the escaped criminal at the train station yesterday.
El agente (by some passengers) pasa a ser el sujeto y se mantiene el pasado simple: was seen → saw.
20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “People say that Shakira is the best artist in South America.”
Solución
It is said that Shakira is the best artist in South America. (o Shakira is said to be the best artist in South America.)
Con verbos de opinión como say hay dos pasivas: impersonal (it is said that + oración) o con sujeto personal (Shakira is said + to-infinitivo).
21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “Sonia used to drive to London twice a month.”
Solución
How often (o How many times) did Sonia use to drive to London?
Para preguntar por la frecuencia se usa how often. En interrogativa, used to se forma con did + use to, sin -d.
22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “Macbeth is a powerful play. I read it last month.”
Solución
Macbeth, which I read last month, is a powerful play. (o Macbeth is a powerful play that/which I read last month.)
El pronombre it se sustituye por un relativo. Si la relativa sigue a Macbeth (nombre propio), es explicativa y va entre comas con which; si sigue a a powerful play, es especificativa.
23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “Everybody stayed indoors because the weather was cold.” Due to…
Solución
Due to the cold weather, everybody stayed indoors. (o Due to the fact that the weather was cold… / Due to the weather being cold…)
Because va seguido de una oración; due to va seguido de un nombre, de the fact that + oración o de -ing.
24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “As long as we invest our money wisely, …”
Solución
As long as we invest our money wisely, we will have a comfortable retirement. (por ejemplo)
As long as (“siempre que”) funciona como un primer condicional: la oración principal lleva sujeto + will/can/may + infinitivo.
25. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “Every students must to call their parents right away.”
Solución
Every student must call their parents right away.
Primer error: every va con un nombre en singular. Segundo error: el modal must va seguido de infinitivo sin to.
26. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “She told her friend that she wasn’t feeling well then.”
Solución
“I’m not feeling well right now,” she told her friend.
En estilo directo, el pasado continuo vuelve a presente continuo, she pasa a I y then a (right) now.
27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “‘Shall I get you a drink?’ she asked me.”
Solución
She offered (to get) me a drink.
Shall I…? es un ofrecimiento, así que en estilo indirecto se usa el verbo offer, seguido de to-infinitivo o directamente de los objetos.
28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:
Solución
It is a pity they won’t travel with us.
La expresión it is a pity (that) (“es una pena que”) va seguida de una oración; aquí se omite that.
BLOQUE C (Redacción)
Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos
Deberá realizar una redacción de un mínimo de 120 palabras de UNO de los dos temas propuestos SOLAMENTE.
WRITING (3 points)
29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF AT LEAST 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:
29.1. “There should be more money spent on scientific research.” Discuss.
29.2. The importance of personal care and beauty today. Discuss.